The Law Appoints Weak Men As High Priests, But The Word Of Oath Appoints A Son Forever

Note
For reference use:

Hebrews My Outline-html —  Outline-pdf

Hebrews 7:28-8:5, Jesus a minister of the sanctuary of the true tabernacle pitched by God, not man. On Earth priests according to the Law serve a copy

Hebrews 7:28

Hebrews 7:28 (WEB)

28 For the law appoints men as high priests who have weakness, but the word of the oath which came after the law appoints a Son forever who has been perfected.

Hebrews 8:1

Hebrews 8:1 (WEB)

1 Now in the things which we are saying, the main point is this. We have such a high priest, who sat down on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens,

  • We have a high priest in heaven who is also a king (at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty)

Hebrews 8:2

Hebrews 8:2 (WEB)

2 a minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, not man.

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Here’s a new idea introduced

  • The sanctuary

    • Of the TRUE tabernacle

    • Which the LORD pitched, not man. The implication IS

      • The TRUE tabernacle is supernatural not man made

      • The COPY tabernacle on earth is man made

    • Notice that this discussion in chapter eight refers consistently to the tabernacle

      • and NOT the temple.

      • Why might that be?

Hebrews 8:3

Hebrews 8:3 (WEB)

3 For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices. Therefore it is necessary that this high priest also have something to offer.

  • The writer addresses the purpose of the high priest (i.e. remedy to our transgressions of the law)

  • The high priest’s job is to offer gifts and sacrifices

  • The new priest MUST (of necessity) offer something also

Hebrews 8:4

Hebrews 8:4 (WEB)

4 For if he were on earth, he would not be a priest at all, seeing there are priests who offer the gifts according to the law;

Reasons for a priesthood in the order of Melchizedek

  • The new priest is not on earth, his priesthood is not earthly but spiritual

  • Because there already is an earthly priesthood which cannot perfect and is useless

  • A better hope that the spiritual priesthood can perfect the worshipper

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Hebrews 8:5

Hebrews 8:5 (WEB)

5 who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, even as Moses was warned by God when he was about to make the tabernacle, for he said, "See, you shall make everything according to the pattern [tupos/typos] that was shown to you on the mountain."

  • The earthly priesthood serve

    • at a "copy and shadow (not the substance)

      • When Spiritual things and Physical things are compared it is the Physical that is THE SHADOW (ie the temporary imitation) and the Spiritual is the SUBSTANCE (ie the Real, lasting thing)

    • of the heavenly (Spiritual) things", Colossians 2:17

  • Moses was warned when he was about to make THE COPY (ie the physical tabernacle)

    • "…​make everything according to the PATTERN/TYPE that WAS SHOWN to you…​"

      • The pattern/type came from God in heaven and was shown to Moses to duplicate in order to build the earthly tabernacle.

      • Like architectural drawings or model, the plan from heaven was used to make a type: the earthly tabernacle.

        • Architect - a person who is qualified to design buildings and to plan and supervise their construction.

        • Archetype - an original that has been imitated: the archetype of faith is Abraham.

          • No use of the word: archetype in the New Testament

          • However, the originals from which the types are made are "heavenly things." The types are "a copy and shadow of the heavenly things" 8:5

        • The plan shown Moses was the archetype to build the tabernacle, which was a type.

      • What is the antitype of the tabernacle?

        • Where does God live? Not in temples made by hands, Acts 17:24; 7:48,49

        • God is everywhere, heaven cannot contain Him, 1 Kings 8:27; 2 Chronicles 2:6

        • Do you know? For we (the church) are the temple of the living God 2 Corinthians 6:14-7:1

        • The church is the antitype (the most holy place in the tabernacle is a type of heaven)

        • Our bodies are a temple of the Holy Spirit within us, so we are an antitype of the tabernacle also. 1 Corinthians 6:19,20

  • Pattern -Type (Greek: tupos, typos) - 1st and only use of this word (explicitly) in Hebrews

    • Type & Antitype in NT-html

    • ALSO NOTE that the word tupos is cited in Hebrews from a quote from the old testament.

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    • Remembering that the new testament letters are written in Greek and the old testament is written in Hebrew, we now know the Hebrew word equivalent to the Greek word tupos

    • Looking it up in Exodus 25:9 (2x), 25:40 (1x). The specific citation is Exodus 25:40, however, in the context, Moses is warned in Ex 25:9 also, the word pattern appearing twice there. From Strong’s dictionary, the Hebrew word is: tabnith and means pattern.

    • Hebrew tabnith-OT

Hebrews 8:6

Hebrews 8:6 (WEB)

6 But now he has obtained a more excellent ministry, by so much as he is also the mediator of a better covenant, which has been enacted on better promises.

A comparison is being made

  • ministry, mediator, covenant, promises

  • excellent, better, better

    Ministry

    1. The work or vocation of a minister of religion

Because our high priest is God, the Christ (Heb 8:1) serving in the true tabernacle (Heb 8:2) Jesus has obtain a more excellent ministry AND he is ALSO the mediator of a better covenant (law), enacted on better promises.

Better promises - the two the writer has mentioned are both enacted with an oath from God:

  1. The promise to Abraham (before the law)

  2. The promise of our high priest in the order of Melchizedek (after the law)

Hebrews 8:7

Hebrews 8:7 (WEB)

7 For if that first covenant had been faultless, then no place would have been sought for a second.

  • The comparison identified: 1st & 2nd covenants

    • But what is faulty, the 1st law?

    • Did God make a mistake?

    • Let me suggest that God made a temporary, limited to Israel, law

    • IT WAS A PHYSICAL (SHADOW) IMITATION DESIGNED TO BE REPLACED WITH THE SPIRITUAL (SUBSTANCE) REALITY

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Hebrews 8:8

Hebrews 8:8 (WEB)

8 For finding fault with them, he said,

"Behold, the days come,"
    says the Lord,
"That I will make a new covenant
    with the house of Israel
and with the house of Judah;

  • The worshippers were too faulty for the 1st law
    Suggestions:

    • The 1st law wasn’t designed to be permanent

  • A NEW covenant is needed to perfect faulty worshippers.

  • God TELLS Israel A NEW LAW IS COMING! Jeremiah 31:31-34

  • If a NEW law is coming, what happens to the OLD one?

Hebrews 8:9

Hebrews 8:9 (WEB)
9 Not according to the covenant
    that I made with their fathers,
In the day that I took them by the hand
    to lead them out of the land of Egypt;
For they didn’t continue in my covenant,
And I disregarded them,"
    says the Lord.

  • The reason given is: "For they didn’t continue in my covenant"

  • "And I disregarded them"

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Hebrews 8:10

Hebrews 8:10 (WEB)
10 "For this is the covenant
    that I will make with the house of Israel.
After those days,
    " says the Lord;
"I will put my laws into their mind,
    I will also write them on their heart.
I will be to them a God,
    And they will be to me a people.

The NEW covenant (the actions are performed by God)

  • God (I) makes a new covenant

  • God (I) puts His laws in our minds

    • We can pray for wisdom & knowledge and it will be given to us. James 1:5

  • God (I) writes them (HIS LAWS) on their hearts (Not on tablets of stone)

    2 Corinthians 3:3 (ESV)

    And you show that you are a letter from Christ delivered by us, written not with ink but with the Spirit of the living God, not on tablets of stone but on tablets of human hearts.

Hebrews 8:11

Hebrews 8:11 (WEB)
11 They will not teach
every man his fellow citizen,{TR reads "neighbor" instead of "fellow citizen"}
    Every man his brother,
saying, 'Know the Lord,'
    For all will know me,
From the least of them
    to the greatest of them.

This is given as a CONTRAST to the OLD law

  • Under the law of Moses, unless you were a proselyte,

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    • You were born into it. An birth of the flesh

      • You didn’t know God, you must learn after becoming subject to the OLD law.

  • Under the NEW law there is NO NEED to teach your fellow citizen…​ to "know the Lord"

    • Because ALL citizens will KNOW the Lord, "from the least…​ to the greatest…​"

    • Why will we all know the Lord?

      • Because under the New law we are born of water & spirit, born again, not a fleshly birth, but a spiritual birth. John 3:1-7

      • You learn about the Lord BEFORE you become subject to the NEW law.

Hebrews 8:12

Hebrews 8:12 (WEB)
12 For I will be merciful
    to their unrighteousness.
I will remember their sins
    and lawless deeds no more."
Psalms 32:1-2 (ESV) see Romans 4:6-8

1 Blessed is the one whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered. 2 Blessed is the man against whom the LORD counts no iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no deceit.

Hebrews 8:13, The old covenant grows aged and is near to vanishing away

Hebrews 8:13

Hebrews 8:13 (NASB)

13 When He said, “A new covenant,” He has made the first obsolete. But whatever is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to disappear.

  • The writer answers our question about what happens to the OLD law when the NEW law appears.

  • It will disappear

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Hebrews 9:1-7, The first covenant had ordinances of divine service

Hebrews 9:1

Hebrews 9:1 (WEB)

1 Now indeed even the first{TR adds "tabernacle"} covenant had ordinances of divine service, and an earthly sanctuary.

2 For there was a tabernacle prepared. In the first part were the lampstand, the table, and the show bread; which is called the Holy Place.

3 After the second veil was the tabernacle which is called the Holy of Holies,

4 having a golden altar of incense, and the ark of the covenant overlaid on all sides with gold, in which was a golden pot holding the manna, Aaron’s rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant;

5 and above it cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat, of which things we can’t now speak in detail.

6 Now these things having been thus prepared, the priests go in continually into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the services,

7 but into the second the high priest alone, once in the year, not without blood, which he offers for himself, and for the errors of the people.

8 The Holy Spirit is indicating this, that the way into the Holy Place wasn’t yet revealed while the first tabernacle was still standing;

9 which is a symbol of the present age, where gifts and sacrifices are offered that are incapable, concerning the conscience, of making the worshipper perfect;

10 being only (with meats and drinks and various washings) fleshly ordinances, imposed until a time of reformation.

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Hebrews 9:11-28 Christ’s blood is superior to animal blood

Hebrews 9:11

Hebrews 9:11-28 (WEB)

11 But Christ having come as a high priest of the coming good things, through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation,

12 nor yet through the blood of goats and calves, but through his own blood, entered in once for all into the Holy Place, having obtained eternal redemption.

13 For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled, sanctify to the cleanness of the flesh:

14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?

15 For this reason he is the mediator of a new covenant, since a death has occurred for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first covenant, that those who have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.

16 For where a last will and testament is, there must of necessity be the death of him who made it.

17 For a will is in force where there has been death, for it is never in force while he who made it lives.

18 Therefore even the first covenant has not been dedicated without blood.

19 For when every commandment had been spoken by Moses to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of the calves and the goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,

20 saying, "This is the blood of the covenant which God has commanded you."

21 Moreover he sprinkled the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry in like manner with the blood.

22 According to the law, nearly everything is cleansed with blood, and apart from shedding of blood there is no remission.

23 It was necessary therefore that the copies of the things in the heavens should be cleansed with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.

24 For Christ hasn’t entered into holy places made with hands, which are representations of the true, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us;

25 nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest enters into the holy place year by year with blood not his own,

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26 or else he must have suffered often since the foundation of the world. But now once at the end of the ages, he has been revealed to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.

27 Inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once, and after this, judgment,

28 so Christ also, having been once offered to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, without sin, to those who are eagerly waiting for him for salvation.

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Hebrews 10:1-18, The Law is a shadow, not the very image of sacred things and requires many sacrifices. Jesus takes away the first to establish the second through the offering of his body once for all

Hebrews 10:1

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